Official name for the twenty-six county state that came into existence on December 6, 1922, one year after the signing of the *Anglo Irish Treaty. Under the treaty, the state was to be a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, with dominion status equal to that of Canada. The British Monarch was to be represented...

Established under Article 12 of the *Anglo Irish Treaty of 1921, this body was to adjust the boundary between the Irish Free State and Northern Ireland “in accordance with the wishes of the inhabitants.” The commission finally met in November 1924. A year later, a summary of the commission’s final report was leaked to the...

Campaign of guerrilla warfare against the British army and *RIC by the *Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the War of Independence. On 21 January, 1919, 27 (out of the 73), Sein Féin MPs who were not in jail or on the run formed an Irish parliament, *Dáil Éireann, and declared the formation of an...

Agreement ending the *War of Independence.

  In a meeting on July 8, 1921, *de Valera and General Macready, the commander in chief of British forces in Ireland, agreed to end the Anglo Irish War. The truce came into effect on Monday July 11, 1921. *De Valera arrived in London the following day to meet with the...

Agrarian protest organization that agitated for land reform during the Land War of 1879-82. The economic crisis of 1878-79 threatened Ireland’s rural population with a disaster comparable to the Great Famine. Following successful mass meetings at Irishtown and Westport, County Mayo, in April and June, the Irish National Land League was formed in Dublin, on...

Constitutional political movement in the second half of the nineteenth century, aimed at establishing an Irish parliament. The concept was that the Home Rule parliament would legislate on domestic issues, while imperial matters such as finance, taxation and foreign policy would remain under the control of Westminster. The Home Rule movement was founded by *Isaac Butt,...

RENAISSANCE  =  Rebirth  of  Ancient  Roman  ideas. Began  in  Florence  in  Italy.   Why  did  the  Renaissance  begin  in  Italy?

1. The  ruins  scattered  throughout  Italy  reminded  Italians  of  the  great  achievements  of  the  ancient  Romans.  They  wanted  to  follow  this  example.
2. Italy  had  large  and  rich  towns  and  the  rulers  and  merchants  were willing   to  spend  their  money ...